Time has three dimensions and space is just a byproduct!
The Substack essay I wrote that has been, by far, the most “viewed” was called Time, Time, Time, See What’s Become of Me” (August 2, 2024). Today there appeared another very interesting article on “time” by Eric Ralls and published on Earth.com. Here are some excerpts from that article that you may want to read in its entirety. (I promise not to mention the holographic universe even once)….
“A new proposal shifts focus from space to time, arguing that the clock-ticking we take for granted may be richer—and far stranger—than a single forward march through seconds, minutes, and hours.
“After years of probing the equations, associate research professor Gunther Kletetschka of the University of Alaska Fairbanks argues that the fault line lies not in space but in how we count moments.
“He recently published a mathematical framework in Reports in Advances of Physical Science that treats time as possessing three independent directions. Space, in this view, is secondary—an emergent feature that rides on a multi-lane tempo.
“’These three time dimensions are the primary fabric of everything, like the canvas of a painting,’ Kletetschka explains. ‘Space still exists with its three dimensions, but it’s more like the paint on the canvas rather than the canvas itself.’
“In Kletetschka’s formulation, one time dimension governs the quantum playground. A second bridges that microscopic arena with familiar human experience. A third influences cosmic structure and the slow evolution of the universe at large.
“’Earlier 3D time proposals were primarily mathematical constructs without these concrete experimental connections,’ he notes.
“Kletetschka’s model reproduces the measured masses of electrons, muons, quarks, and other Standard Model residents with remarkable accuracy. That success nudges the idea out of speculation and into the territory of testable science.
“Physics advances when provocative ideas survive an assault of evidence. The suggestion that time itself boasts three axes is provocative indeed.
“Within a decade, instruments aimed at gravitational waves, cosmic microwave background polarization, and high-energy particle scatterings will likely confirm or contradict the key forecasts. Either result will sharpen our view of nature’s fundamental script.
“For now, the proposal reminds us that the universe may still harbor surprises in the very notion of “before” and “after.”
“If time truly comes with extra directions, then what we think of as matter, motion, and gravity could be nothing more than intricate choreography on an unseen temporal stage.”
Read the whole article here.